Archive for the 'Bending' Category

Doorbell: finishing the motor housing

I trimmed the top and bottom edges even on the bandsaw, using the bending form to establish a reference surface.

After the motor housing was laminated into its curved shape, it needed trimming on four sides. This took some cogitation, to develop a reference surface against which to square the cuts. Here was my thinking.

The most important thing was that the housing should appear to sit square on the motor, with its front (curved) surface vertical. That surface was hard to use as a reference, but the inside of the curve (which was parallel to the outside) was easy. All I had to do was put the housing back on the bending form and press it against the curved nose. Then, if I spaced the form away from the fence and pushed it through the bandsaw blade, I’d cut an edge that would be square to the curved nose, as in the photo.

Trimming the ends of the curved housing was easy, again using the bending form.

Once one edge was done, I just flipped the form over and ran the trimmed edge against the fence to trim the opposite edge. The form supported the “U” shape, which otherwise would have chattered up and down as it grabbed and released the blade.

The next step was to trim the open ends of the “U”, square to the edges and even with each other. Here again, the bending form made things easy. I used a square to mark a line across the width of the form at the right distance from the curved end, and set the bandsaw fence so the blade would cut at the line. Then I pressed the square end of the form against the fence and cut first one side, then the other. They came out square and even. (Note—this worked because my form was wide enough to stay square to the fence. If it was narrow, I’d have used a sled or miter gauge to keep it square during the cut.)

The resaw blade was still on the bandsaw, and I resawed a 1/4″ thick slice of the same Honduran Mahogany used for the sides of the motor housing and glued it onto the top edge of the “U”. I glued it with the grain running along the sides of the “U” because it will expand and contract with changes in humidity, slightly flexing the walls of the “U”. If I’d glued it across the “U”, sooner or later its seasonal movement would have broken the glue bond.

Once the glue dried, I trimmed it within 1/8″ of the housing sides with the bandsaw, then used a flush-trim router bit in my router table to bring its edges flush. In this operation the bit runs against the grain for half the cut, potentially yielding a torn out surface. What I did was to use a normal cut (moving the piece against the rotation of the bit) for the right side of the cut, then use a climb cut (moving the piece with the bit’s rotation) for the left side. This way, the cut was always supported by fibers beneath it. It took several light passes, but the final cut was just about perfect, only requiring light scraping with a card scraper to produce clean, flush edges.

I sanded all surfaces to #180, then finished them with the same gel polyurethane varnish I used on the rest of the cabinet.

Next, the installation and lessons of the project.

Doorbell: Making the motor housing, pt. 2

One of the secrets to serene glue-up is time.

I don’t like drama at glue-up time.

Once I had pre-bent the mahogany leaves that would make up the housing, they were considerably easier to stack and bend around the form. Now it was time to get ready.

Getting ready for me means doing a trial clamp-up without glue. I gather all the clamps I think I’ll want, then put them in place around the form. That way I can tell in advance if clamps will interfere with each other, or if I need extras. With no glue drying, I can think, change my mind—whatever I need to do. That’s when I saw that the leaves tended to move a bit on the form, and were difficult to keep in registration with each other.

Since I knew I’d have to fiddle with the slippery, moving leaves during clamp-up, I wanted a glue with long open time. I also wanted glue that dries rigid, unlike yellow glue, so I wouldn’t get any joint creep or spring-back. I chose 30-minute epoxy.

Three handscrews, a couple strap clamps, and a Bessey clamp were the right mix for this job.

I wrapped the form with waxed paper and put more waxed paper underneath. I mixed the epoxy in a plastic container, then painted it onto all four leaves with an acid brush. Next, I stacked the four leaves on the form, put a couple strap clamps in place, and pinched the whole assembly to the form with a Bessey clamp. This kept things stable.

I drew the leaves tight against the curved end of the form with the strap clamps, then added three handscrew clamps, which served to keep the leaves up against the straight sides of the form. All that, plus 12 hours of drying time, left me with a light, rigid, curved shell.

Next, the trim.

Doorbell: Making the motor housing -1

Cutting .060" mahogany slices with Laguna Tools' Resaw King blade.

The doorbell motor sticks out from the feature panel like a 4″ wart. It’s semi-circular end supports a circular arrangement of tubular bells. That, and the fact that it’s just under the arched top of the cabinet, suggested a curved motor housing.

I wanted the same Honduran Mahogany used in the mouldings, but I had to curve it around a 4″ diameter curve. I could kerf it (like the cabinet top), steam bend it, or laminate it. I was afraid the kerf cuts would show in the motor opening, and steam bending involved springback, which makes precise sizing difficult. Since I wanted a snug fit on the motor, I opted for laminating a sheaf of veneer slices.

Four .060" veneer slices would give me a finished housing wall thickness of about 1/4".

I glued up a bending form out of particle board, then tried bending various thicknesses of the mahogany. I could bend .060″ thick slices around the form. Four of these would give me a 1/4″ wall thickness—perfect for the housing.

I wanted very clean and accurate slices, since any irregularities would be multiplied by four. So I mounted a Laguna Tools Resaw King blade on the bandsaw and cut slowly. The slices were clean enough to need no sanding.

I pre-bent each veneer sheet around a form after dipping it in boiling water.

I could have bent them directly around the form, but then I’d have to fight the springiness of the leaves, slippery with glue, during the crucial clamp-up. Life’s too short. So I pre-bent the sheets first.

I just wanted a bend in the middle, with straight sections on either side. So I forced the middle of each leaf down into a pan of boiling water. In a few seconds, I could easily bend it around the form. Once bent, I clamped the ends of the (now U-shaped) leaves and let them dry.

Next—the glue-up and trimming.